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Linux LVM
Submitted by vonhaeften on Di, 16/09/2008 - 9:05am
Der Logical Volume Manager LVM2
Ab Suse 9.3 ist der LVM2 im Einsatz.
Hierbei wird nicht mehr das Verzeichnis /proc/lv eingesetzt(dieses ex. auch gar nicht mehr), sondern ein sog.Mapper-Verzeichnis /dev/mapper, in dem fuer jedes LV ein Blockdevice enthalten ist.
Wird z.B.das LV /dev/system/logdbs_001 erstellt, so ist
dessen devicename /dev/system/logdbs_001 ein symbolischer Link:
/dev/system/logdbs_001 -> /dev/mapper/system-logdbs_001
Die Datei /dev/mapper/system-logdbs_001 ist ein Blockdevice, das urspruenglich eben nur ein Blockdevice war, dann aber mit dem Raw-Kommando an ein Raw-Device gebunden wurde:
libelle$ls -ail /dev/mapper/system-logdbs_001 79744 brw-rw---- 1 informix informix 253, 0 2005-07-18 19:17 /dev/mapper/system-logdbs_001
Diese Raw-Anbindung ist seit Informix 10.0 nicht mehr notwendig.
lvscan
libelle:/home/informix # lvscan
lvscan -- ACTIVE "/dev/system/data2" [5 GB]
lvscan -- ACTIVE "/dev/system/data1" [2.90 GB]
lvscan -- ACTIVE "/dev/system/inf" [2 GB]
lvscan -- ACTIVE "/dev/system/data3" [2 GB]
lvscan -- 4 logical volumes with 11.90 GB total in 1 volume group
lvscan -- 4 active logical volumes
lvdisplay Anzeigen der Eigenschaften eines LV
libelle:/home/informix # lvdisplay /dev/system/data2
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/system/data2
VG Name system
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
LV # 1
# open 0
LV Size 5 GB
Current LE 1279
Allocated LE 1279
Allocation next free
Read ahead sectors 1024
Block device 58:0
lvremove Entfernen eines LV
libelle:/home/informix # lvremove /dev/system/data2
lvremove -- do you really want to remove "/dev/system/data2"? [y/n]: y
lvremove -- doing automatic backup of volume group "system"
lvremove -- logical volume "/dev/system/data2" successfully removed
lvcreate Erstellen eines neuen Volumes
libelle:/home/informix # lvcreate -L 100M -n otto system
lvcreate -- doing automatic backup of "system"
lvcreate -- logical volume "/dev/system/otto" successfully created
libelle:/home/informix # lvscan
lvscan -- ACTIVE "/dev/system/otto" [100 MB]
lvscan -- ACTIVE "/dev/system/data1" [2.90 GB]
lvscan -- ACTIVE "/dev/system/data3" [2 GB]
lvscan -- 3 logical volumes with 5 GB total in 1 volume group
lvscan -- 3 active logical volumes
lvmdiskscan Anzeige aller Partitionen incl. LVM-Partitionen
libelle:/home/informix # lvmdiskscan
lvmdiskscan -- reading all disks / partitions (this may take a while...)
lvmdiskscan -- /dev/hda1 [ 502 MB] Primary LINUX swap partition [0x82]
lvmdiskscan -- /dev/hda2 [ 8.58 GB] Primary LINUX native partition [0x83]
lvmdiskscan -- /dev/hda5 [ 4.99 GB] Extended LVM partition [0x8E]
lvmdiskscan -- /dev/hda6 [ 5 GB] Extended LVM partition [0x8E]
lvmdiskscan -- /dev/hda7 [ 2.01 GB] Extended LVM partition [0x8E]
lvmdiskscan -- 1 disk
lvmdiskscan -- 0 whole disks
lvmdiskscan -- 0 loop devices
lvmdiskscan -- 0 multiple devices
lvmdiskscan -- 0 network block devices
lvmdiskscan -- 5 partitions
lvmdiskscan -- 3 LVM physical volume partitions
Befehle fuer die physical Volumes
/sbin/pvchange
/sbin/pvcreate
/sbin/pvdata
/sbin/pvdisplay
/sbin/pvmove
/sbin/pvpath
/sbin/pvpathrestore
/sbin/pvpathsave
/sbin/pvscan
pvscan - Lesen aller PV
libelle$pvscan
pvscan -- reading all physical volumes (this may take a while...)
pvscan -- ACTIVE PV "/dev/hda5" of VG "system" [4.99 GB / 2.09 GB free]
pvscan -- ACTIVE PV "/dev/hda6" of VG "system" [5 GB / 4.84 GB free]
pvscan -- ACTIVE PV "/dev/hda7" of VG "system" [2 GB / 2 GB free]
pvscan -- total: 3 [12 GB] / in use: 3 [12 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0]
pvdisplay:
libelle$pvdisplay /dev/hda6
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hda6
VG Name system
PV Size 5 GB [10490382 secs] / NOT usable 4.19 MB [LVM: 132 KB]
PV# 1
PV Status available
Allocatable yes
Cur LV 3
PE Size (KByte) 4096
Total PE 1279
Free PE 1240
Allocated PE 39
PV UUID LExZaA-5ETi-OOYg-Xr5Q-mNLT-1Vgf-zkTJQN
pvdata: Was ist in einem Physical Volume enthalten?
libelle$pvdata /dev/hda6 | more
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/hda6
VG Name system
PV Size 5 GB [10490382 secs] / NOT usable 4.19 MB [LVM: 132 KB]
PV# 1
PV Status available
Allocatable yes
Cur LV 3
PE Size (KByte) 4096
Total PE 1279
Free PE 1240
Allocated PE 39
PV UUID LExZaA-5ETi-OOYg-Xr5Q-mNLT-1Vgf-zkTJQN
--- Volume group ---
VG Name
VG Access read/write
VG Status NOT available/resizable
VG # 0
MAX LV 256
Cur LV 4
Open LV 0
MAX LV Size 255.99 GB
Max PV 256
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size 11.98 GB
PE Size 4 MB
Total PE 3068
Alloc PE / Size 782 / 3.05 GB
Free PE / Size 2286 / 8.93 GB
VG UUID EAkvB8-UpzB-tFUp-rGS2-qKu2-LZyG-2vjCCp
--- List of logical volumes ---
pvdata -- logical volume "/dev/system/rinf_001_2" at offset 0
pvdata -- logical volume "/dev/system/data1" at offset 1
pvdata -- logical volume "/dev/system/rinf_001_1" at offset 2
pvdata -- logical volume "/dev/system/physdbs" at offset 3
pvdata -- logical volume struct at offset 4 is empty
pvdata -- logical volume struct at offset 5 is empty
pvdata -- logical volume struct at offset 6 is empty
pvdata -- logical volume struct at offset 7 is empty
pvdata -- logical volume struct at offset 8 is empty
pvdata -- logical volume struct at offset 9 is empty
.......................
pvdata -- logical volume struct at offset 253 is empty
pvdata -- logical volume struct at offset 254 is empty
pvdata -- logical volume struct at offset 255 is empty
--- List of physical volume UUIDs ---
001: LExZaA-5ETi-OOYg-Xr5Q-mNLT-1Vgf-zkTJQN
002: vhTaiK-hMwg-DwIa-BtLg-hxUN-Dgbf-XlrOw7
003: 2jUJHN-snuS-ng9q-WbOx-xZDi-Fe29-ZAsWEi
Befehle fuer die Volume Groups:
vgcfgbackup
vgcfgrestore
vgchange
vgck
vgcreate
vgdisplay
vgexport
vgextend
vgimport
vgmerge
vgmknodes
vgreduce
vgremove
vgrename
vgscan
vgsplit
vgscan (listet die Volumegroups auf):
libelle$vgscan
vgscan -- reading all physical volumes (this may take a while...)
vgscan -- found active volume group "system" -----------> auf libelle gibt es kein anderes.
vgscan -- "/etc/lvmtab" and "/etc/lvmtab.d" successfully created
vgscan -- WARNING: This program does not do a VGDA backup of your volume group
vgdisplay vg-name Listet alle Eigenschaften einer Volume-Group auf
libelle$vgdisplay system
--- Volume group ---
VG Name system
VG Access read/write
VG Status available/resizable
VG # 0
MAX LV 256
Cur LV 4
Open LV 2
MAX LV Size 255.99 GB
Max PV 256
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size 11.98 GB
PE Size 4 MB
Total PE 3068
Alloc PE / Size 782 / 3.05 GB
Free PE / Size 2286 / 8.93 GB
VG UUID EAkvB8-UpzB-tFUp-rGS2-qKu2-LZyG-2vjCCp
vgdisplay: Ueberblick ueber die gesamte Volumegroup
# vgdisplay --verbose system
--- Volume group ---
VG Name system
VG Access read/write
VG Status available/resizable
VG # 0
MAX LV 256
Cur LV 5
Open LV 4
MAX LV Size 255.99 GB
Max PV 256
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size 11.98 GB
PE Size 4 MB
Total PE 3068
Alloc PE / Size 795 / 3.11 GB
Free PE / Size 2273 / 8.88 GB --------------------------------> 8,88 GB sind jetzt noch frei.
VG UUID EAkvB8-UpzB-tFUp-rGS2-qKu2-LZyG-2vjCCp
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/system/db1_001
VG Name system
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
LV # 1
# open 2
LV Size 52 MB
Current LE 13
Allocated LE 13 ----------------------------------> weil die PE-Size 4 MB ist.
Allocation next free
Read ahead sectors 1024
Block device 58:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/system/data1
VG Name system
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
LV # 2
# open 0
LV Size 2.90 GB
Current LE 743
Allocated LE 743
Allocation next free
Read ahead sectors 1024
Block device 58:1
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/system/rinf_001_1
VG Name system
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
LV # 3
# open 7
LV Size 52 MB
Current LE 13
Allocated LE 13
Allocation next free
Read ahead sectors 1024
Block device 58:2
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/system/physdbs
VG Name system
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
LV # 4
# open 1
LV Size 52 MB
Current LE 13
Allocated LE 13
Allocation next free
Read ahead sectors 1024
Block device 58:3
--- Logical volume ---
LV Name /dev/system/db2_001
VG Name system
LV Write Access read/write
LV Status available
LV # 5
# open 2
LV Size 52 MB
Current LE 13
Allocated LE 13
Allocation next free
Read ahead sectors 1024
Block device 58:4
---------------------------------------------------------> Und jetzt kommen die Physical Volumes,
aus denen die Volumegroup besteht:
--- Physical volumes ---
PV Name (#) /dev/hda5 (2)
PV Status available / allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 1277 / 534
PV Name (#) /dev/hda6 (1)
PV Status available / allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 1279 / 1227
PV Name (#) /dev/hda7 (3)
PV Status available / allocatable
Total PE / Free PE 512 / 512
sfdisk (besseres fdisk)
Welche Platten gibt es? (sfdisk -s)
libelle:/home/f995440/wissen # sfdisk -s /dev/hda: 40209120 zusammen: 40209120 BlC6cke
Partitionen auf einer Platte: sfdisk -l /dev/hda
libelle:/home/f995440/wissen # sfdisk -l /dev/hda Festplatte /dev/hda: 79780 Zylinder, 16 KC6pfe, 63 Sektoren/Spur Warnung: erweiterte Partition beginnt nicht an einer Zylindergrenze DOS und Linux werden den Inhalt unterschiedlich interpretieren. Warning: The partition table looks like it was made for C/H/S=*/255/63 (instead of 79780/16/63). For this listing I'll assume that geometry. Einheit = Zylinder von 8225280 Bytes, BlC6cke von 1024 Bytes, ZC$hlung beginnt bei 0 GerC$t boot. Anfang Ende #Zyl. #BlC6cke Id System /dev/hda1 0+ 63 64- 514048+ 82 Linux Swap / Solaris /dev/hda2 64 1184- 1121- 9000000+ 83 Linux /dev/hda3 1185 5004 3820 30684150 f W95 Erw. (LBA) /dev/hda4 0 - 0 0 0 Leer /dev/hda5 1185+ 1836 652- 5237158+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/hda6 1837+ 2489 653- 5245191 8e Linux LVM /dev/hda7 2490+ 2751 262- 2104483+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/hda8 2752+ 3796 1045- 8393931 83 Linux /dev/hda9 3797+ 5004 1208- 9703228+ 83 Linux
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